Seeing Through Photographs - Bruce Conner's "Angels"
Final Project Essay
Certificate of "Seeing Through Photographs"
The Museum of Modern Art, New York, USA
Peter Lam, April 2020
My selection is the Angel (1973-75) series of photogram by Bruce Conner, mentioned in Week 6 by Noam M. Elocott in her article “From Darkroom to Laptop”.



(left to right) 1. Bruce Conner and Edmund Shea, “Butterfly Angel,” gelatin silver photogram, 1975, 89 x 38″ 2. “Teardrop Angel,” gelatin silver photogram, 1974, 89 x 38″, 3. “Sound of Two Hand Angel”, gelatin silver photogram, 88 x 37”, 1974 (sources: publicly available websites) Collection of Tim Savinar and Patricia Unterman. © Conner Family Trust/© Edmund Shea Trust.
Conner got his fame in his early career with his assemblages and short-films. During 1973-75, he collaborated with his friend Edmund Shea in creating a series of photograms collectively known as the Angel. Arguably, credits should be given to Shea, in particular it was his idea to employ photogram rather than Conner’s original thoughts on using lens-based photography.
Photograms, typically those of Man Ray or László Moholy-Nagy, were often page-size images with an assortment of objects, transparent or translucent, placed on top some photographic sensitive material to expose a black-and-white image without the use of any camera. Sometimes a contact print image of relatively flat objects, like a magazine page, a leaf or palms, but never as huge as Conner’s having his entire body registered.
Conner stood in front of life-size photographic paper and had his silhouette registered with empty projectors lit from behind. This is comparable to shadow puppet dances of the Orient, with the silk screen replaced by photographic paper, recording a “transmuted” image of Conner.
The resulting images follow an iconic pattern -- a pitch-black in the background, suddenly a grey human figure appears, faceless, with subtle shades revealing his contours but lacking any textural details of his clothing, then a stark-white silhouette of one hand, sometimes two, shows right at the middle. From far to near, the photograms traverse space, and seemingly break the barrier of the media, connecting directly with the audience, virtually touching their faces, their hearts.
To some, the Angel series may be interpreted as a record of performing art rather than portrait photography. By crouching or standing his body, raising or lowering his arms, overlapping his legs, or unfolding his palms, Conner was able to express a sense of spirituality with his various posure.
To me, Conner’s images near half-century ago connect to the modern 2020 while the lethal coronavirus is looming, devastating the globe with 1.7 million people infected, and more than 100 thousand perished. It is not uncommon to find thermal sensors installed at the entrance of malls and transport hubs. The thermal images of people, perhaps, are unfortunate reminiscent of Conner’s Angels.

(source: Coronavirus: China using thermal imaging to screen for virus in Wuhan, SkyNews, 21 Jan 2020, https://news.sky.com/video/coronavirus-china-using-thermal-imaging-to-screen-for-virus-11914096)
Week 6 of the course introduced work of various photographers who no longer bound to the rigid format of photography. Photos need not be captured with lens-based cameras. Images need not be presented as framed paintings. Everything can be organic. At the will of the photographer, the subject matter of the photograph turns objects. The photo itself may become the subject. The photographer may leave the vantage point of the camera, and become the subject of the artwork he is creating.
Perhaps, modern photography is departing from its traditional path of “straight” photography -- deviating fast too. I am intrigued by the ocean of images, where there is no bound, formless and constantly in motion. I envisage the day when my aesthetic senses see a breakthrough pretty soon.